Dog - Health - Probiotics

Probiotics are the "friendly" bacteria and yeasts that reside in the gastrointestinal system. This community of microbes, referred to as the "gastrointestinal microbiome" or "gut microflora," plays a vital role in overall health. All animals, including dogs, have billions of beneficial bacteria in their gut microbiome. These microbes help combat infections, strengthen the immune system, aid digestion, and produce essential nutrients for absorption. A healthy microbiome is diverse, consisting of various species of microbes - this diversity is known as "biodiversity."

A dog's digestive system works in complex ways, and knowing the difference between pre-, pro- and post-biotics is important. Probiotic supplements introduce live, beneficial species directly into the gut. Prebiotics are the 'food', usually fibre, that probiotics use to produce postbiotics. Postbiotics are bioactive compounds, and many of the health benefits of pre and probiotics are actually due to the production of postbiotics.

So, probiotics can help restore the microbiome's natural balance, especially after illness or a course of antimicrobial medication.

By promoting a well-functioning digestive system, probiotics can help alleviate issues like diarrhoea and assist in managing conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease.

Since a large portion of a dog's immune system is located in the gut, probiotics can help to boost immune health by helping the body defend against harmful pathogens. They do this by competing with harmful germs acting as a natural antibiotic, and kick-starting the dog's own immune system.

There is no definitive evidence as yet as to whether probiotics are beneficial for dogs experiencing environmental skin allergies. However the microbiome does have an important role in immune support and control of inflammation within the body, so probiotics may be of benefit in these cases also.

Studies also show a close link between gut health and behaviour in dogs. Probiotics may affect the production of neurotransmitters like serotonin, which influence mood and behaviour. Maintaining balanced gut flora can lead to a calmer, less anxious dog.

There are a wide range of probiotic supplements for dogs, and for our top recommendations, take a look through our guide to the Best Probiotics for Dogs. This article also discusses the science behind probiotics in more detail.

Yes, probiotics can be very beneficial for dogs with sensitive stomachs. Probiotics introduce beneficial bacteria into the gut, which can support digestion and improve the balance of gut flora. This balance is especially important for dogs with sensitive stomachs, as it helps reduce digestive issues like diarrhoea, bloating, and gas. Additionally, probiotics may soothe inflammation in the digestive tract, helping to manage conditions such as infectious diseases, inflammatory bowel disease or food sensitivities. Probiotics are often recommended after antibiotic use, illness, or changes in diet, all of which can affect a dog's gut health.

Along with probiotics, there are specific sensitive stomach dog foods that have been designed to support sensitive gastrointestinal tracts and reduce symptoms. In some cases, particularly where food allergies are suspected, hypoallergenic diets are required. Take a look at our Best food for dog's with sensitive stomachs, and don't hesitate to reach out to our Vet Squad or your dog's treating vet if you need dietary advice or have other questions or concerns about your dog's digestive health.

There are several signs that may indicate your dog could benefit from probiotics. These most commonly include digestive issues, such as acute or chronic diarrhoea, constipation, bloating, gas or changes in stool texture or consistency. These signs can all be symptoms of an imbalance in the gut microbiome, and probiotics can be highly beneficial in restoring balance, and reducing these symptoms.

After a course of antibiotics, your dog’s gut flora may be disrupted, and probiotics can help restore the healthy bacteria that antibiotics may have diminished. It's important to seek advice from your treating vet about which probiotics are the most appropriate to use in this case, as some probiotics should not be given in conjunction with antibiotics.

Dogs with food sensitivities or intolerances often benefit from probiotics, as they support gut health and can help to reduce inflammation within the gastrointestinal tract.

A large part of a dog’s immune system resides in the gut. If your dog seems to get sick often or has trouble recovering from illnesses, probiotics may help boost immune function.

Skin problems, such as itching, dryness, or recurrent ear infections, can sometimes be linked to gut health, and improving the gut microbiome can lead to reduced inflammation within the body, thereby improving skin health also.

Gut health is also linked to mood and behaviour. If your dog seems unusually anxious or stressed, probiotics may help promote a calmer demeanour. If you notice any of these signs, consulting your veterinarian can help determine if probiotics are a suitable option for your dog.

The frequency of giving probiotics to your dog depends on their specific health needs, the severity of their symptoms, the type of probiotic, and your veterinarian's recommendations.

Most probiotic supplements that are used in order to support ongoing gastrointestinal health are recommended to be given daily. However, during or after courses of antibiotics or with more severe digestive issues like acute diarrhoea, your vet might suggest giving probiotics more frequently, sometimes with each meal, until the issue resolves.

Yes, there are probiotics specifically formulated for puppies. These probiotics are designed to support the unique needs of a developing digestive and immune system. 

These puppy-specific formulations often contain strains of beneficial bacteria that are more suitable for their developing gut, such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains. These formulations often include added antioxidants, colostrum, vitamins and/or minerals to support overall growth and immune health.

It’s always a good idea to consult our Vet Squad or veterinarian when choosing a probiotic or any other dog supplements for your puppy, especially to ensure the strains are safe and beneficial for young dogs.